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http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_verdict.html The Verdict After the speeches and other evidence had been presented, the members of the jury voted by casting ballots. A series of vase paintings of the early 5th century B.C. show a mythological story, ... A series of vase paintings of the early 5th century B.C. show a mythological story, the vote for the arms of Achilles. ... Whether or not the voting scenes that appear on vases depicting this story show an actual method of voting in early 5th-century Athens, their appearance at this time may have been prompted by the enhanced importance of voting that resulted from the reforms of Kleisthenes. ... The majority are datable to the 4th century B.C., but the latest, and especially those of lead, may run into the 2nd century B.C. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_council_and_magistrates.html The Council and the Magistrates Like selection for military service, allotment to the Council was organized according to the division by tribes; 50 members from each tribe acted as a unit in the Council ... The Council and the Magistrates Like selection for military service, allotment to the Council was organized according to the division by tribes; 50 members from each tribe acted as a unit in the Council and held the presidency (prytany) of the Council for one of its 10 prytanies, with a third of their number constantly on duty and in residence in the Tholos, the round building next to the Council House (Bouleuterion) (14, 15). 14. Civic buildings on the west side of the Agora, from the southeast. 15. ... Allotment tokens, 450–430 B.C. The Council also supervised the election of the generals, one from each of the 10 tribes, who were the chief executive officers of the administration, replacing in this function the archons, whose power decreased in the early fifth century when they began to be chosen by lot. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/ostracism.html Ostracism In addition to the legal assassination condoned in the Law against Tyranny, a less extreme method was also available for removing powerful but dangerous men from public life. This was a formal, ... Such was ostracism, introduced as a safeguard against tyranny, later used as a weapon by rival statesmen, and finally abandoned in the late fifth century when it deteriorated into a political game. 21. Ostraka cast against Aristeides, Themistokles, Kimon, and Perikles, fifth century B.C. ... The big deposits of ostraka, found on the road from the southwest corner of the Agora, belong to the early years of the fifth century. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/standard_weights_and_measures.html Standard Weights and Measures The Controllers of Measures (Metronomoi) have also left us many samples of their work. One set of bronze weights (34), inscribed as standard weights of the Athenians, are ... Official liquid measure, fifth century B.C. 37. Official dry measure, with validating stamp and painted inscription reading DEMOSION (public property), fourth century B.C. 38. Official dry measure of bronze, late fifth century B.C. 39. ... That the same standard had been in use for centuries is witnessed by the fact that fifth century tiles have the same dimensions. 40. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/athenian_currency.html Athenian Currency Many of the specialized administrative boards have left material traces of their activities. Most prolific of these were the moneyers, or Overseers of the Mint. Throughout her history ... Most prolific of these were the moneyers, or Overseers of the Mint. ... In the troubled years toward the end of the fifth century the same poet expressed something of what her coinage meant to Athens: Yea, for there, our sterling pieces, all of pure Athenian mold, All of perfect die and metal, all the fairest of the fair, All of workmanship unequaled, proved and valued everywhere. ... The unit of the coinage was the drachma, which represented a day’s wage for a skilled workman in the late fifth century. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/judiciary_and_lawcourts.html Judiciary and Lawcourts The lawcourts of Athens, a city notorious throughout Greece for the litigiousness of her citizens, were both numerous and large. Several of these lawcourts were in the immediate ... Several of these lawcourts were in the immediate vicinity of the Agora, including the Square Peristyle (23), which in the fourth century replaced a similar but less regular structure of the fifth century. 23. ... “Ballot box” found un-der the Stoa of Attalos, late fifth century B.C. 25. ... Water clock (klepsydra), fifth century B.C. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/military_service.html Military Service After the 18-year-old was registered in his deme as a citizen and was approved by the Council, he entered military service as a young conscript (ephebe) with other members of his tribe ... Lead tokens, third century B.C., stamped with items of armor (breastplate, helmet, greaves) to be issued to the cavalry. 11. (top) Circular terracotta tokens of Pheidon of the deme of Thriasia, Athenian cavalry commander (hipparch) at Lemnos, fourth century B.C.; (bottom) rectangular terracotta tokens of Xenokles of the deme of Perithoidai, commander of the border patrol (peripolarch), fourth century B.C. ... Casualty list, fifth century B.C., with the fallen listed by tribe. 13. |
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