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http://agathe.gr/overview/the_site_before_excavation.html The Site before Excavation The Agora lies on sloping ground northwest of the Acropolis, below and east of the extraordinarily well-preserved Doric temple of Hephaistos, popularly known as the “Theseion” ... The last destruction occurred in 1826, the result of a siege of the Acropolis during the Greek War of Independence. ... Aerial view of the Agora Excavations taken by the Greek Topographical Service, July 5th, 1933. ... German and Greek excavations, (f.) current excavations. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/democracy_from_the_past_to_the_future.html Democracy from the Past to the Future Searching for models for the new government they were creating, America's Founding Fathers studied both the democracy of Athens and the republic of Rome, but they ... Even today, the ideals of Greek democracy influence the way we govern ourselves. ... Paine believed that America had adapted the virtues of ancient Greek democracy to the modern world. Direct initiative, or the right of citizens to propose and vote on legislation, has roots in Greek democracy. In ancient Athens, all decrees had to be ratified by the assembly of citizens before becoming law. |
http://agathe.gr/overview/the_excavations.html The Excavations Excavations in the Athenian Agora by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens commenced in 1931 under the supervision of T. Leslie Shear. The systematic excavation of this important ... The systematic excavation of this important site was entrusted by the Greek State to the American School of Classical Studies, founded in Athens in 1881. Negotiations began in 1925, soon after the Greek parliament voted not to undertake the project itself, largely because of the huge costs of expropriation. ... Shear assembled a staff that includes some of the best-known names in Greek archaeology: Homer A. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_athenian_navy.html The Athenian Navy With thousands of kilometers of coastline and hundreds of islands, the Greek world was likely to be dominated only by a naval power. A generation after the establishment of democracy ... The Athenian Navy With thousands of kilometers of coastline and hundreds of islands, the Greek world was likely to be dominated only by a naval power. ... The trireme was the warship that brought Athens preeminence in Greek waters in the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. |
http://agathe.gr/overview/funding_the_excavations.html Funding the Excavations The excavations began in the 1930's with the substantial support of John D. Rockefeller, who also funded the reconstruction of the Stoa of Attalos (1953-1956) to serve as the site ... Financial support from the private sector on such a scale is a reliable indicator of the understanding and appreciation by many Americans of their debt to ancient Greek society - and particularly Athens - in the formation of their own political values and way of life. |
http://agathe.gr/guide/middle_stoa.html Middle Stoa The appearance of the south side of the Agora was radically changed during the 2nd century B.C. with the construction of several new buildings. This South Square, as it is called, was made ... Watercolor of the restored upper parts of the Middle Stoa, mid-2nd century B.C., showing the colors used to decorate this and most Greek buildings. |
http://agathe.gr/guide/tholos.html Tholos The south half of the west side was given over to the major administrative buildings used to run the Athenian democracy (Fig. 14). The buildings are poorly preserved, but the identifications are ... The round form of the building is ill-suited for its primary function as a dining-hall and it may be that the usual Greek practice of reclining on couches during meals was abandoned here in favor of sitting on a simple bench. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_athenian_aristocracy.html The Athenian Aristocracy Before democracy, from the 8th to the 6th century B.C., Athens was prosperous economically but no more significant than many other city-states in Greece. Silver deposits south ... As in other Greek cities, political power was in the hands of several large aristocratic families or clans (genei) which controlled large areas of Attica, the territory around Athens. ... Until the 6th century, Athens and her aristocratic political system were typical of many Greek city-states. |
http://agathe.gr/publications/picture_books.html Picture Books The Athenian Agora Picture Book series, started in 1951, aims to make information about life in the ancient commercial and political center of Athens available to a wide audience. Each booklet ... Google Books | English PDF | Buy Online | Search for Items Inside Greek and Roman Coins in the Athenian Agora Author: Kleiner, F. ... Greek philosopher Socrates himself wrote nothing. ... This booklet presents Byzantine, Frankish, Venetian, Turkish, and modern Greek coins, with many pieces illustrated with clear black and white photos of both obverse and reverse. |
http://agathe.gr/guide/boundary_stones_and_house_of_simon_the_cobbler.html Boundary Stones and House of Simon the Cobbler Inscribed marble posts were used to mark the entrances to the Agora wherever a street led into the open square. Two have been found in situ, inscribed with ... One such building, found just behind the northern boundary stone (horos, in Greek), produced bone eyelets and iron hobnails, suggesting that a cobbler worked here in the 5th century B.C., while a fragmentary drinking cup found nearby preserved the incised name of Simon (Figs. 25, 26). |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/slaves_and_resident_aliens.html The Unenfranchised II - Slaves and Resident Aliens Also excluded from political participation were two other large segments of the population: slaves and metics (resident aliens). Slavery was common in ... Slaves were usually captured in war and came from all over the Mediterranean, including other Greek cities. Surviving auction records indicate that the prices of slaves varied tremendously, depending on their skills. ... Metics were citizens of other Greek or foreign cities, drawn by the extraordinary opportunities Athens offered to skilled artisans and intelligent businessmen. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/tyranny.html Tyranny As happened in many other Greek states, a tyrant arose in Athens in the 6th century B.C. His name was Peisistratos, and after several unsuccessful attempts he seized power in 546 B.C. and ruled ... Tyranny As happened in many other Greek states, a tyrant arose in Athens in the 6th century B.C. ... Such tyrannies were a common feature of Greek political life as states made the transition from an aristocracy to either a democracy or an oligarchy. The Greek word τύραννος indicates that the individual seized or held power unconstitutionally but does not necessarily carry the negative force the word has today. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/theater.html Theater Western drama was an Athenian invention which developed late in the 6th century B.C. out of the festivals celebrated in honor of the god Dionysos. Originally held in the Agora, the plays were soon ... Pylades, whose name suggests his Greek origin, takes the part of a slave. ... Women were unknown on the Greek stage, where female roles were always taken by male actors, but by the time this mold was made, there is evidence that women performed publicly and may well have acted on the stage. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/marble_stele.html Law Against Tyranny In 338 B.C. Philip II of Macedon and his son Alexander defeated the Athenians and other Greek states in a battle at Chaironeia in central Greece. In the following year (337/6 B.C.) ... Philip II of Macedon and his son Alexander defeated the Athenians and other Greek states in a battle at Chaironeia in central Greece. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/factional_politics.html Factional Politics: The Ostracism of Themistokles A group of ostraka found together in a pit on the North Slope of the Acropolis is of special interest. There were 190 ostraka, mostly the round feet of ... These ships proved crucial in the decisive victory of the Greek fleet over the Persians at Salamis in 480 B.C., as did Themistokles' own guile in tricking the Persians into fighting in the narrow straits. |
http://agathe.gr/publications/guide_books.html Guide Books In a newly revised version of this popular site guide, the current director of excavations in the Athenian Agora gives a brief account of the history of the ancient center of Athens. The text ... Online Version | Google Books | English PDF | Greek PDF | Buy Online | Search for Items Inside The Athenian Agora:A Guide to the Excavations and Museum Authors: Camp, J., Mauzy, C.Publication Dates: 1954, 1962, 1976, 1990, 2009ISBN: 0876616570 In 2006 it will be 75 years since excavations by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens started in the ancient agora. |
http://agathe.gr/publications/monographs.html Monographs Excavations in the civic and cultural center of classical Athens began in 1931 and have continued almost without interruption to the present day. The first Athenian Agora volumes presenting ... The texts are given in the original Greek or Latin, followed by a translation and a commentary. ... JSTOR | Search for Items Inside Greek Lamps and Their Survivals Author: Howland, R. ... JSTOR | Search for Items Inside The Greek Coins Authors: Kroll, J. |
http://agathe.gr/overview/the_archaeological_site.html The Athenian Agora The Agora of Athens was the center of the ancient city: a large, open square where the citizens could assemble for a wide variety of purposes. On any given day the space might be used ... Given the prominence of Athens throughout much of antiquity, the Agora provides one of the richest sources for our understanding of the Greek world in antiquity. |
http://agathe.gr/democracy/the_verdict.html The Verdict After the speeches and other evidence had been presented, the members of the jury voted by casting ballots. A series of vase paintings of the early 5th century B.C. show a mythological story, ... In these scenes the Greek heroes vote using pebbles, observed by many bystanders, suggesting that the concept of a secret ballot did not yet exist. |
http://agathe.gr/overview/the_staff.html The Archaeologists The First Generation The Agora Excavations staff and work force, 1933. Archaeologists, staff, foremen, and workmen gathered under the Hephaisteion for a group photograph. The staff of ... While a professional staff was maintained, including a core group of experienced Greek workmen, the actual digging would be done for the first time by student volunteers. |
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